In space
Space station
Orbital research stations are base orbit about 320 km above the Earth. They are used for astronomy, Earth observation and conducting experiments. Astronauts can spend so many months in space, accumulating experience long-term space flights that could be useful in future space exploration. The first orbital stations were built by Russia in the late 1960s.
Interplanetary PROBES
Since the 1950s, robotic aircraft have left Earth to explore other worlds in our solar system and space between them. The first shooting mission aimed mere neighboring planets, Venus and Mars, but the subsequent orbit the probe on the surface of planets or sent them to collect data using various tools.
The first space probes were launched to the moon in 1985 and 1959. As we became more powerful rockets, probes were increasingly better able to leave the gravitational field of Earth and fly to other planets. NASA probe came in 1962 Mariner2 near Venus in 1965 with Mariner4 near Mars.
Appreciated today to 2.7 Kelvin (-270.5 degrees Celsius), according to Big Bang theory of the universe temperature must have been higher in the past.
Observations made with the VLT (Very Large Telescope) in Chile, confirmed the validity of the theory.